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Published: 2025
Authors: Graham K. Ansell, Hassan Javed
Abstract
The state of the science surrounding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has advanced rapidly in recent years, with significant progress made in understanding their physicochemical properties, environmental occurrence, chemistry, and fate and transport. These advancements have been driven by breakthroughs in PFAS analytical capabilities, including the development of robust analytical methods and the availability of higherresolution instruments. Today, a wide array of PFAS analytical methods exist, with several developed by U.S. federal agencies, including the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Additionally, numerous PFAS screening methods have also been developed, primarily for research purposes. This article provides an overview of these methods from a practitioner’s perspective, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and critical caveats to consider when employing them. The aim is to offer a concise guide to PFAS analytical methods, benefiting not only the scientific community but also individuals new to PFAS who are navigating the rapidly evolving regulatory and litigation landscape.