Is your state regulation ready? A review of geologic carbon sequestration regulations in the United States

Danny Kingham, Shailee Bhattacharya, Christ Niamike, Noah Goodkind, and Travis M. McGuire recently co-authored “Is your state regulation ready? a review of...

Danny Kingham, Shailee Bhattacharya, Christ Niamike, Noah Goodkind, and Travis M. McGuire recently co-authored “Is your state regulation ready? a review of geologic carbon sequestration regulations in the United States.”

Co-authored with William Gallin, Paul V. Franke, Meghan E. Gavin, Emma Thomley, and Ryan Kammer, and Ian Sackmann, the article reviews geologic carbon sequestration regulations across all 50 states using 14 regulatory factors tied to project advancement, from pore space ownership and liability to Class VI primacy and pipeline considerations.

The result is a practical framework for evaluating regulatory readiness, offering insight for states and other entities looking to develop or strengthen geologic carbon sequestration policy. It also highlights how regulatory readiness often aligns with Class VI primacy, energy production history, and experience with federally supported projects.

This publication reflects the technical and policy-focused work GSI brings to complex carbon management challenges.

Read the full open-access article here: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17583004.2026.2645787#abstract

Biotransformation Processes Relevant to Geologic Carbon Sequestration: Potential Implications for Environmental Fate

A new publication examines how microbial processes may influence the fate of CO2 in geologic carbon sequestration settings. The article, Biotransformation Processes...

A new publication examines how microbial processes may influence the fate of CO2 in geologic carbon sequestration settings.

The article, Biotransformation Processes Relevant to Geologic Carbon Sequestration: Potential Implications for Environmental Fate, is published in Environmental Science & Technology and is authored by GSI experts Lisa J. Molofsky, Thomas E. McHugh, Danny Kingham, and Charles J. Newell, with contributions from Sven Lahme, Kelly M. McFarlin, Paul G. Koster van Groos, Frank E. Löffler, Louise Camenzuli, Leanne Walker, Sophie L. Nixon, and Trent A. Key.

The paper reviews how CO2-driven geochemical changes can alter microbial communities and trigger biotransformation processes that move carbon into mineral, gas, or organic phases. It also explores implications for both deep storage formations and nontarget environments such as shallow groundwater, the vadose zone, and marine systems, while identifying key knowledge gaps that affect long-term prediction of CO2 behavior.

Read the full open-access article here:
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5c02389

expertise in Environmental Assessment, Water Resources, Geochemistry, NEPA, CERCLA, Renewables, and Permitting for the Mining, Agriculture, Industrial, and Energy sectors in Montana

GSI Expands into Montana

GSI is thrilled to share the news of our expansion into the Big Sky Country of Montana with the addition of Joel Jacobson,...

GSI is thrilled to share the news of our expansion into the Big Sky Country of Montana with the addition of Joel Jacobson, MSc, MBAMarie-Hélène Paré, Laura Pfister, Dave Rugh, LG, LHGAmelia Tallman, and Dr. David Tooke.

This group brings significant expertise in Environmental Assessment, Water Resources, Geochemistry, NEPA, CERCLA, Renewables, and Permitting for the Mining, Agriculture, Industrial, and Energy sectors.

GSI provides high quality technical and regulatory expertise to industry and government to address a broad range of environmental issues. We specialize in solving complex environmental problems by leveraging our extensive knowledge of environmental regulations, stressing accurate data collection and analysis, and applying new technologies to our clients’ most difficult challenges.

We look forward to great things ahead as part of the GSI team!